Modern array sizes used in devices intended for scientific investigations range from 1000 × 1000 up to 5000 × 5000 sensor elements.
![effective resolution calculator effective resolution calculator](https://info.opto22.com/hs-fs/hubfs/accuracy_vs_resolution.png)
Currently available CCD arrays vary in size from several hundred to many thousands of pixels. The ultimate optical resolution of a CCD is a function of the number of photodiodes and their size relative to the image projected onto the array surface by the microscope lens system. In addition, parameters that are specific to the specimen being imaged, such as contrast, signal-to-noise ratio, intrascene dynamic range, and integration time, must also be considered. The efficiency of capturing images generated by an optical microscope onto the photodiode array of a CCD or CMOS image sensor is dependent upon several factors, ranging from the objective magnification, numerical aperture, and resolution, to the electronic image sensor photodiode array size, aspect ratio, video coupler magnification, and the dimensions of individual photo-sensitive elements within the array. A new specimen can be selected at any point by using the Choose A Specimen pull-down menu. As the coupler slider is translated, the size of the rectangle superimposed over the specimen image is altered by the tutorial to match the specimen area captured by the CCD sensor.
![effective resolution calculator effective resolution calculator](https://www.lightvortexastronomy.com/uploads/6/4/9/7/64970217/calculate_focal_length_-_diagram_2.jpg)
Next, choose an eyepiece or projection lens Field Number (values range between 18 and 26 millimeters) and Video Coupler magnification (between 0.5x and 1.0x). In order to operate the tutorial, shift the Numerical Aperture and Objective Magnification sliders (values appear above the slider bars) to set the appropriate values for the microscope optical configuration to be considered. The physical CCD Dimensions of the selected sensor (in millimeters) are displayed on the right side of the image window along a rectangle having the same aspect ratio as the imaging chip. A new CCD Format (size) can be selected by using the radio buttons appearing to the left of the Specimen Image window. These values are continuously updated as the sliders are translated. In the gray, yellow, and red boxes beneath the sliders, the microscope Optical Resolution (gray), CCD Required Pixel Size (yellow), Optimum CCD Array Size (yellow), Monitor Magnification (red) and Total Magnification (red) of the image are presented in micrometers or a product. A colored rectangle designating the CCD dimensions (2/3-inch by default) is superimposed over the image to reveal the actual area of the specimen that is captured by the sensor.
![effective resolution calculator effective resolution calculator](https://lemantis.ch/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Simple-yet-effective-2.jpg)
The tutorial initializes with a randomly chosen specimen appearing in the Specimen Image window (black box) and bounded by the eyepiece aperture or projection lens field diaphragm.